No. The NEC handbook allows an outlet on a porch or deck to also be used for the required outlet at the back of the house. However, if it is a screened porch or lanai, in order to use that outlet for the required backyard receptacle, the cord would have to be run through a wall or a doorway. Running a cord through a doorway is prohibited by NEC 400.12. You are not allowed to violate one code article to satisfier another one.
Per the 2014 NEC Handbook, this outlet in the porch, balcony or deck may serve as the outlet required by 210.52(E)(1) and (E)(2)
I agree with Jonathon. The required outlet on the rear of the dwelling must be readily accessible from grade.
Answer NO, I agree, the code clearly allows this.
No for all the reasons stated by the other responses.